Almost 70% of gases
and particles emitted by the exhaust of ships occur within 400 kilometers of the coastline, causing air quality
problems, which affects the local coast’s climate health from heavy
shipping traffic. Significant reductions are necessary to offset the increase
in emissions due to the expected growth in seaborne trade.
There are many solutions at hand to reduce
emissions from ships. For energy efficiency and cutting the emissions, new types of ships
being worked on in the industry. Some examples of those new types of ships as
follows:
Wind-Assisted Propulsion Ships
1. Rotor Sails: Large rotating cylinders mounted on the ship’s
deck. When the wind blows, the rotor sails generate thrust, assisting the main
engines.
2. Kite Sails: Tethered kites that capture wind energy and provide
additional propulsion. 3. Flettner Rotors: Vertical spinning cylinders
that create lift due to the Magnus effect, propelling the ship forward.
Several shipping lines are working on these greener, next-generation
ships.
Mitsui O.S.K. Lines
(MOL)’s Wind Challenger, Scandlines Gedser-Rostock, Mitsubishi Corporation
currently working on various projects to improve and adapt wind-assisted ships
in the shipping industry.
Hybrid and Electric Ships: Hybrid ships are another
solution. They combine conventional engines with electric propulsion systems.
They can switch between different power sources (e.g., diesel generators and
batteries).
Wärtsilä (Finland),
Siemens AG (Germany) are currently working on hybrid ships. Siemens AG put
world’s first electrically powered boat for fish farming into operation in
Norway.
Ammonia-Fueled Ships: Ammonia is a potential
zero-emission fuel for ships. It can be produced from renewable energy sources.
Yara International, in
collaboration with North Sea Container Line, is realizing the world’s first
clean ammonia-powered container ship named Yara Eyde.