According to sources
in the atomic energy sector, the company is looking at the feasibility of
putting up about 200 Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs), of 220 MW each, totalling
about 45 GW of capacity. Tata Steel declined to comment on this, saying “there is nothing to talk
about the subject now.”
Sources said that Tata
Steel, whose four Indian plants have a combined capacity to produce 21.6
million tonnes of steel a year, is keen on producing green steel, even though
it does not export much to Europe, where the ‘carbon border adjustment
mechanism’ (CBAM) is likely to kick in from January 1, 2026.
The CBAM is
a duty levied on certain imported goods, including steel, for the greenhouse
gas emissions that may have happened during their production, so that Europe’s domestic producers are not
disadvantaged vis-a-vis imports.
Sources also said that
other steel companies are also looking at BSRs, but Tata Steel is quite
keen. In her Budget speech of July 23, Finance Minister Nirmala
Sitharaman spoke about BSRs, saying that the government would partner with the
private sector for setting up BSRs.
While the world is
talking about ‘small modular reactors’, India believes it is already an expert
in that area, as the government-owned Nuclear Power Corporation of India
(NPCIL), has been running 15 pressurised heavy water reactors (PHWRs), 220 MW
each, for decades.
Recently, R B Grover, Member, Atomic
Energy Commission, told journalists that the 220-MW PHWRs were being modified. The modified versions would be called
BSRs—the technology would be licensed to the private sector.
Sources say that Tata Steel is likely to use the
electricity from the BSRs in electrolysers to produce green hydrogen and use
the hydrogen to replace coking coal in the production of steel.
Of course, the Atomic
Energy Act would need to be amended to let the private sector own and operate
nuclear power plants in India. It is learnt that the government is planning
suitable amendments to the act.